Wait a second, wait a second, wait a second. I don’t think the world is adequately excited about what happened this week with Microsoft. This happens often nowadays; the world is never as excited as it ought to be about big news coming out of Redmond. The giant announces something huge, it gets a few links on Techmeme, and then we all go on pretending that the tech world revolves around Cupertino and Mountain View. Which it often does, but still.
In an 8,000-word blog post bursting with new details about Windows 8—which is part of the problem, of course; you don’t get anyone excited by an 8,000-word blog post—Steven Sinofsky, who heads the Windows division, did something that may be unprecedented in Microsoft’s history. He broke with Windows orthodoxy. He dropped backwards compatibility.
We’ve known for more than a year that there will be two completely different kinds of apps for Microsoft’s next version of Windows. You can think of them as “desktop apps” and “mobile apps,” but that’s not quite right. It’s better to think of them as old apps and new apps, or yesterday’s apps and tomorrow’s apps. Old apps are the ones you’ve been using forever on Windows: They require mice and keyboards and usually run in a window taking up a small part of your screen. They’re given full control over your machine, which is sometimes good and often terrible. You can download and install them from anywhere. And they don’t care about maintaining system resources like memory and battery life.
New apps—which Microsoft strangely calls “Metro style” apps—are optimized for touch screens, they usually take up the whole screen, they have only restricted access to your system, they have limited rights to run in the background, and they can only be obtained from Microsoft’s new Windows Store.
Does this sound familiar? That’s right: Microsoft’s new app development process is just like Apple’s and Google’s mobile app stores. But until this week, it wasn’t clear how committed Microsoft was to this new way of creating apps. The company remained mum on a key issue: Would you be able to run yesterday’s apps on tomorrow’s mobile hardware? Sometime this year, we’ll see several Windows 8 tablet computers make it to market. Would these machines be gummed up by the same desktop programs we see on Windows today, including malware and crapware?
This week, Sinofsky answered the question: Nope. Windows 8 tablets will come pre-installed with a few old-style apps, including a new version of Office and Internet Explorer, but that’s it. Third-party developers looking to create apps for modern Windows hardware will have to use the Metro user interface and will have to distribute their programs through the Windows Store. In other words, Microsoft is making a sharp break with the past. There will be no room for crapware on Windows tablets.
Sure, Sinofsky stressed that your old programs will run on Windows 8 for x86 chips—that is, standard desktop Windows—so Microsoft isn’t dropping backwards compatibility entirely. But I suspect that new Metro apps will quickly become the main focus of Windows developers. That’s because Metro apps have a key advantage—they’ll work on all versions of Windows, both desktops and tablets.
This could be a bonanza for start-ups. With a single Windows Metro app, you’ll able to target hundreds of millions of Windows machines of all form factors. And you’ll be able to charge for it. The Windows Store’s compatibility between desktop and tablet machines will make it a significant draw for developers, potentially rivaling even Apple’s app ecosystem.
It’s still a bit early for Microsoft partisans to break out the party hats. The Windows Store will only take off if there are great Windows tablet PCs at reasonable prices that customers start buying. Considering all the wannabe iPads we’ve seen so far, that looks like a tall order. Sinofsky’s blog post prompted some Windows fanboys (yes, they exist!) to start writing the iPad’s obituary. That’s laughable.
But Microsoft doesn’t have to kill the iPad to do really well in the tablet business. If you believe that mobile devices are the future of computing, and that the market for tablets will eventually surpass the market for desktops and laptops by a wide margin, it seems likely that we’ll see several firms grabbing a large slice of the pie. What’s most appealing about Sinofsky’s blog post is its suggestion that Microsoft is thinking carefully about the best ways to approach that market.
In particular, the company has broken free from the need to please existing Windows developers, and it’s setting down several rules that will make sure Windows tablets don’t feel like compromised devices. For example, tablets won’t be able to run any emulated code—if you’ve spent years creating the perfect Windows program, you’ll have to completely redesign it for Windows tablets, because that’s better for users. And Internet Explorer on Windows tablets won’t support plug-ins, including Flash. Why not? Take it away, Steve.
I’m in the record as being bullish about Microsoft in 2012. Sinofsky’s dense, technical post only adds to my optimism. There’s only one thing I wish Microsoft would do now. Please, guys, can you hire a branding expert to fix all your products’ names? What’s with “Metro style apps”? Do you think anyone understands what you mean by that (and why you don’t use a hyphen after Metro)? And here’s another one: “Windows On ARM,” which refers to the tablet version of Windows, and which is distinct from the desktop version, called “Windows 8 on x86/64.” Seriously, that’s what you’re going with?
Here’s a suggestion, for free. Let’s refer to Windows on ARM as Windows Mobile, and Windows 8 on x86/64 as Windows Desktop. And let’s call Metro style apps what they really are: Windows Apps. Or, perhaps, the future of Microsoft.





Well written, succint, full of excitement and realisic, all wrapped up in a neat package. Bravo!
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Likeyou have no clue about the difference between ARM and x86 - do you? There can be x86 based mobile platforms. Please do your research before writing a "technical" article
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LikeFinally ms decided that Windows Applications will not run on windows 8 tablets !!! cause they're too noobs to do something like that ! So what apps will run on windows 8 tablets ? possible crappy html5 metro apps. Cheers !! Microsoft is worthless , no innovation at all but they're lucky apple continues its false strategy !! But don't worry my friends you can always install linux !
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LikeYou nailed it. There is a school of thought that says the future is web apps or virtual machines in the cloud. But my bet this is merely the old mainframe/vt100 or Clint servers but on very long wires. Got replaced by desktop or local computing, suspect this will play out again with "windows apps". There are cases where hybrid delivers terrific benefits, e.g., Siri, and things like this are just beginning to emerge in the market.
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LikeMy only quibble: let us never call anything "Windows Mobile" again. Ever.
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LikeAre they just too lazy to rewrite Office in WinRT? Why do they themselves not believe in it? If you are going to go in for a new API go into it with gusto! They don't seem to have a single app that they have written for this API that they are proud of.
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LikeWindows is the old way of doing things - just like the hardware guys before them. Lock in your customers and control them every inch of the way. Actually Apple does the same and now that their muse has gone, I see trouble ahead in Cupertino. Mindless Corporate MS-only laziness aside, people just don't want to be locked in any more. Microsoft can't see it because every fibre of their being says - CONTROL the customer and NEVER trust them - Stick not Carrot. To survive they need to change their approach to their customer base more radically than I think them capable of. If they remove backward compatibility, there goes their biggest Stick and the only reason people stay with them.
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LikeI'll make a mental note not to buy any tablets that run on ARM processors then.
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LikeThere's this sense out there that companies like Microsoft, who are pioneers themselves, no longer matter. It's similar to one getting older and then finding that the young think them merely a meal ticket. Not me bradda! The Tablet market is considerably smaller than the PC, Laptop, and Mobile phone markets. Thinking there is no room for other players like Microsoft is rather foolish. Good article.
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Like"you’ll able to target hundreds of millions of Windows machines of all form factors" Depending on the level of compatability, the above statement is simply not true. Seems like Windows 8 is starting from scratch.
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LikeAgreed, the stated premise of his enthusiasm is completely false. As of today, few people have Metro-capable devices.
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LikeThe PC refresh cycle is approximately 3 years, so in 3 years it's conceivable to think there would be hundreds of millions of Windows machines that can run Metro style apps. It's Microsoft's ace card, through probably their final one to play.
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LikeIt's been 10 years since the release Windows XP and Windows 7 has only recently surpassed it. Given the installed base of all non-windows-8 based PCs, I predict it will be at least 5 years before ARM-based tablets will represent a significant chunk of the Windows marketplace. Having said that, developers who target Metro early will probably get a boost from a general lack of compatible applications (I was an early adopter of DVD's and I bought 1/2 of the 20 I saw in the video store even though they weren't all favorites). So there is some opportunity there.
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Like[...] There is room in the tablet market for Microsoft ($MSFT). (Pando Daily) [...]
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LikeI should point out that not all tablets will be under this restriction. Only ARM tablets will be. I am currently running the fantastic quad-core i5 Samsun Series 7 Slate, and it runs both old apps and new apps just fine. And by the way, the Windows Store won't just be on Tablets, but on every Windows 8 machine. So the store itself will "take off" whether the Tablet devices succeed or not. And by the way, the word Windows Mobile should be stricken from everyone's vocabulary forever. part of the reason that Windows Phone 7 is not selling well is because 3rd party carrier affiliates think it is still Windows Mobile, and not something radically different. I fact, all of your naming ides are pretty terrible. I think we'll just stick to calling it Windows 8, thanks.
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Like"Here’s a suggestion, for free. Let’s refer to Windows on ARM as Windows Mobile" Here's another suggestion for Microsoft, also free: Do not even consider calling it Windows Mobile. People usually hear the words 'Windows Mobile' and snigger. They've used that name before, remember, on software that was not particularly loved by anybody. If anything, they should call it Windows Touch vs Windows for PC. That'd be my choice (admittedly after only 30 seconds or so of thought).
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LikeI had hoped they would finally kill that Kindernet Exploder pain-in-the-neck. And still supporting old apps plus Metro? That will make it even more of a a hogwash bog and swamp than Windoze already is up to now. Will they ever make a clean cut? That would be a real surprise.
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LikeLet's hope that Microsoft's "new" idea here works better than the last time that we saw it. Perhaps you remember the .NET framework. The concept was the same, in that you could code something in one language and it would work with something else in another language. .NET was supposed to be that bridge of interoperability. Unfortunately, whether by lack of publicity or lack of understanding, it has never really taken off the way that it should have. I hope you're right, Farhad. And I agree that Redmond doesn't often get the credit that it deserves. But the 8,000 word blog post wasn't quite as ground-breaking as you'd like it to be. The major difference is that Microsoft is paving the way to make sure that it's used this time, instead of simply being an option.
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LikeC# is the third most used language. Never really took off?
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LikeC# is just one language to program .NET The part that never took off was the interoperability with other languages. Java apps, Ruby apps, PHP apps (not to mention Objective-C or LISP or FORTRAN or EIFFEL), running on Windows using .NET as the VM. The official MS language, C#, is the only one that took off.
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LikeRemember, .NET was MS reply to the flexibility of Java. With Java you have one language running on multiple platforms. MS wants you to run on one platform, Windows. So they came up with .NET that would allow you to run multiple languages on one platform. The idea was that you can program in any language and it will run on Windows. No need to standardize on Java or any other language, use the one you want. Did not work. C# took off but that was all Windows developers, they were already on the platform. The new language support never materialized. C# becomes just about the only language in .NET, just another proprietary language locked into a specific middle-ware vendor, granted the biggest middle-ware vendor in the world.
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Like"just another proprietary language locked into a specific middle-ware vendor" @jib That, as opposed to Objective-C, which can only be used to develop for Apple's devices? "C# becomes just about the only language in .NET..." What about ASP.Net, has never taken off? http://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/programming_language/all
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LikeI think Jib pretty much summed up what I was saying. You can't take a single part of my reply and try to twist it into something else. I never said anywhere that C# didn't take off, but rather that the interoperability and cross-communciation between languages that .NET was supposed to bring didn't get the use it was supposed to.
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LikeNever really took off. dotNet was adequate as a single-PC programming stack, but MS originally intended it to be much more than that. Remember Hailstorm? That could have given MS a 10-year lead in cloud-type apps. "The software giant unveiled a set of software building blocks, grouped under the code name HailStorm, for its .Net software-as-a-service strategy. Along with HailStorm, Microsoft marshaled out new versions of its Web-based Hotmail e-mail service, MSN Messenger Service, and Passport authentication service. [...] "The technologies in your life just don't work together. You've got all these apps, all these devices and services, and every one of them is a little island of information," said Charles Fitzgerald, Microsoft's director of business development in the platform in the platform strategy group. "What HailStorm is really about is helping people put together their personal network, so that all the technology in their life works together, on their behalf and under their control," he said. heavily on instant messaging services provided by MSN Messenger and on Microsoft's Hotmail e-mail service. http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-254337.html
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LikeThe whole "write once, run anywhere" promise of Java didn't really work either. Sure, you can *port* Java to run pretty much anywhere, but the idea was that it was supposed to be automagical, which it absolutely is not. Similarly, .Net ended up being a framework with one core language, a path forward for old VB developers that mostly ended up with learning C# sooner or later, C++ wedged in sorta-awkwardly, and lightly-used support for various other languages, like IronPython and F#. Really, that's not such a bad deal -- especially since C# is a pretty effective language that has aged better than Java (IMHO). Actual failure would be if they had had to basically give up and move on to a different language or runtime or if they had been stomped out of relevance by Java and/or LAMP. Obviously, neither of these things has happened. Though capitulation to the forces of cross-platform web stack development with HTML/JavaScript as a headlining development toolkit for Windows 8 is awfully interesting.
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Like@daemonK I don't think the Apple vs Microsoft war should be worked into this. We're talking about the failure of a single platform to do what it was intended. That's a whole different ballgame than saying that one thing is proprietary and another is not.
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LikeMicrosoft presents the new Metrosexual style apps. Apps that spend a lot of time and money on their appearance.
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LikePersonally, I've used quite a lot of Windows apps that I wish had spent more time and money on their appearance.
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Like6 months ago, I'd have agreed with you, Matt. But it seems that Chrome took an arrow to the knee and it's no longer an adventurer like Safari. I don't know what happened, but I know that it doesn't perform well enough and isn't stable enough to be my browser of choice anymore. That makes me very sad.
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LikeEh seems like a pretty cool guy, he writes delusional articles and doesnt afraid of anybody!
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LikeDepending on how Microsoft governs the usage of Windows 8, this could be a bonanza for a lot of people. This could be a massive snowball effect if they play their cards right.
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Like